Idaho: not written yet

What applies in every state

A few rules do not change at the state line, and they are usually the first thing to check while the state-specific answer is being found:

• HIPAA defers to state minor-consent law. Where a minor lawfully consented to care and no parental consent was required, the minor rather than the parent controls the protected health information for that care (45 CFR 164.502(g)(3)). Where the parent consented, the parent is ordinarily the minor’s personal representative. Psychotherapy notes kept separately have their own protection regardless of who consented.
• Substance use treatment records at a program that meets the federal definition are subject to 42 CFR Part 2, which requires the patient’s consent for most disclosures and is usually stricter than the state rule on telling a parent.
• School records are governed by FERPA, not HIPAA. Records a school receives from an outside clinician become part of the education record once filed, and parents have access until the student turns eighteen. Send the school what it needs to act, not the full evaluation.
• Mandated reporting of suspected child abuse or neglect exists in every state. The reporter list, the deadline, and the hotline differ; the duty is always individual and is never satisfied by telling a supervisor.
• Duty to warn is the rule that varies most: a statute in some states, case law in others, and no duty at all in a few. Where the state answer is unknown, the professional standard is to take reasonable steps when a patient makes a credible threat against an identifiable person, and to document the reasoning.

Where to look in the meantime

The state’s own statutes are the source: search the legislature’s site for “minor consent mental health” and for the mental health code’s voluntary admission section. Your institution’s counsel or risk office will have a one-page summary. And a neighboring state’s page here shows what the questions are, even where the answers differ.